EASYFundamentalssenior engineer

API Gateway vs Load Balancer

Explain the differences between an API Gateway and a Load Balancer. When would you use each?

Estimated Time: 15 minutes
#fundamentals#networking#architecture
Solution Overview

API Gateway handles API management (auth, rate limiting, routing) while Load Balancer distributes traffic across servers for availability and performance.

Hints to Get Started
1

Consider the OSI model layers

2

Think about what happens to the request at each component

When To Use

api gateway

  • Microservices architecture
  • Need authentication/authorization
  • API versioning
  • Rate limiting

load balancer

  • High availability
  • Horizontal scaling
  • SSL termination
  • Geographic distribution
Can Use Both

Often used together - Load Balancer in front of multiple API Gateway instances

Key Differences
  • API Gateway: Application layer (L7), handles auth, rate limiting, request transformation
  • Load Balancer: Network/Transport layer (L4/L7), distributes traffic, health checks